Danone in India free essay sample

India is today a gigantic part in crafted by internationalization of the French gathering Danone. This auxiliary was set up in two stages. Danone first settled in 1989 a merger with an Indian gathering called Britannia, they were simply participative. At that point in 1993, they assumed the responsibility for Britannia so it turned into a Danone auxiliary. As of now, it was said that this purchasing had required a speculation of RS 150 centers. Danone becomes after this merger the main in scone and water on the Indian market on account of three chief brands: Aqua, Britannia and Tiger. The way that these three brands were at that point notable and increase in value by the Indian buyers license to Danone to win advertise parts rapidly. The full scale natural condition The Republic of India is a nation that involves most of the Indian subcontinent. It has a coastline of more than 7,000 kilometers (4349 miles). India is the seventh-biggest nation by topographical territory and has one of the most assorted populaces of natural life, geological landscape and atmosphere frameworks. In reality it is the second most crowded nation on the planet with almost 1. 1 billion individuals in 2005. It additionally is the universes biggest liberal vote based system. India has 28 states and 7 domains, and perceives 22 authority dialects spoken over its various districts. Following quite a while of concentrated endeavors to battle the broad neediness, lack of education and helpless everyday environments the nation over, Indias economy is today the fourth-biggest on the planet regarding buying power equality (PPP) and the tenth-biggest in ostensible terms. When dependent vigorously on agribusiness, Indias economy is one of the quickest developing on the planet, and the country knows about present day organizations and high-innovation enterprises. Outer examination: PEST investigation Indian market is today still extremely hard to infiltrate and especially for western firms. In any case, the methodology of Danone which comprises to enter the market on account of mergers or purchase out permitted a progressively secure and productive entrance. Danone is today the pioneer in bread and water on account of the name of its three brands which were at that point set up in India. So today the outcomes in India are excellent: India speaks to 20 % of the income of the Asian pacific territory. Political investigation (see map p. 7) Population: 1. 1 billion Capital: New Delhi GNP: 620 $ per capita India has been a vote based system since freedom. The leader is the top of the administration. The president is the top of the state. India hosts to major political gatherings which are the Bharatiya Janat Party and the Congress. It is today the National Congress party which is on the top of the express, the BJP lost force in 1999. Since autonomy, India has kept up agreeable associations with most countries. During the Cold War , India attempted to keep up its nonpartisanship and was one of the establishing individuals from the Non-Aligned Movement Recent suggestions by the Indian government have fortified relations with United States, China and Pakistan. In the monetary circle, India has cozy associations with other creating countries of South America, Asia and Africa, particularly Brazil and Mexico. As of late, India has assumed a compelling job in the ASEAN, SAARC and the WTO, and it is a signatory to the milestone South Asia Free Trade Agreement. India has been quite a while supporter of the United Nations, with more than 55,000 Indian military and police staff. Efficient investigation The economy of India is the fourth biggest on the planet as estimated by buying power equality (PPP), with a GDP of US $3. 63 trillion. India was he second quickest developing significant economy on the planet, with a GDP development pace of 8. 1% toward the finish of the principal quarter of 2005â€2006. The countrys economy is various and contains farming, painstaking work, enterprises and a great deal of administrations. Administrations are the significant wellspring of monetary development in India today, however 66% of the Indian specialists work straightforwardly or by implication through farming. As of late, India has taught individuals who are conversant in English to turn into a significant area for worldwide organizations redistributing client care and specialized help call focuses. It is likewise a significant exporter of talented specialists in programming administrations, money related administrations, and programming designing. India has clung to a communist motivated methodology for the vast majority of its free history, with severe government command over private division cooperation, remote exchange, and outside direct speculation. Since the mid 1990s, India has bit by bit opened up its business sectors through monetary changes by lessening government controls on remote exchange and speculation. Privatization of open possessed enterprises and opening up of specific parts to private and remote players has continued gradually in the midst of political discussion. The financial issues India faces are a thriving populace and absence of foundation, just as developing disparity and joblessness. Neediness additionally stays an issue despite the fact that it has seen a reduction of 10% since the 1980s. Economy of India Currency 1 Indian Rupee = 0. 02283 US dollar = 0. 01897 Euro Central bank Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Trade associations and settlements SAFTA, ASEAN, WIPO and WTO Union financial plan $67. 3 billion (income) $104 billion (use) Inflation rate (monthly)3. 53% (September Social examination Geography India is the seventh greatest nation on the planet with a sum of 3,287,590 km. Indias geology ranges from mountain extents to deserts, fields, slopes and levels, while its atmosphere differs from tropical in the south to an increasingly calm atmosphere in the north. Greatest urban areas are Bombay Calcutta, New Dehli, Madras, and Bangalore. Just 29% of the populace lives in urban communities. Individuals are packed all in the North and the South of the nation. Indias all out cultivable territory is 1,269,219 km? (56. 78% of all out land region), which is diminishing because of consistent weight from a regularly developing populace and expanded urbanization. Indias inland water assets involving streams, waterways, lakes and lakes and marine assets containing the east and west banks of the Indian sea and different inlets and coves give work to about 6 million individuals in the fisheries part. India is the 6th biggest maker of fish on the planet and second biggest in inland fish creation. Indias oil holds, found in Bombay High off the shoreline of Maharashtra, Gujarat, and in eastern Assam meet 25% of the countrys request. Populace ( see map p. 7) India is the second-most crowded nation on the planet with an expected 1. 9 billion individuals in 2006. Practically 70% of its populace dwells in provincial zones. Indias biggest urban agglomerations are Mumbai, Kolkata, Delhi, Chennai and Bangalore. Endeavors to destroy lack of education have little accomplishment since Indias freedom with just 65. 1% of its populace ready to peruse or compose. Albeit 80. 5% of the individuals are Hindus, India is likewise home to the third-biggest Muslim popu lace on the planet (13. 4%). Different strict gatherings incorporate Christians (2. 3%), Sikhs (1. 84%), Buddhists (0. 76%), Jains (0. 40%), Jews, Zoroastrians and Bahais. 5] The quantity of primary languages in India is evaluated to be as high as 1,652. [6] Most of these dialects are gotten from two significant semantic families: Indo-Aryan (spoken by about 74% of the populace) and Dravidian (spoken by about 24%). Hindi is Indias national language however English is utilized by the administration for authentic purposes, and in advanced education. An extra 21 dialects are likewise given authority status. 29% of the populace lives underneath the destitution line. 86% of the populace lives under $2 every day, 44% under $1 and 25% needs more cash to eat ordinarily. These conditions include the float away from the land. Religion Religious acts of different beliefs are a necessary piece of regular day to day existence in the public arena. Instruction is exceptionally respected by individuals from each financial layer. Customary Indian family esteems are profoundly regarded, and thought about consecrated. Religion in India is an open undertaking, with numerous practices saturated with ceremony and essentialness going with their hidden profound characteristics. Mechanical examination Transportation (see map p. 8) Transportation in India is a huge and changed area of the economy. Both rail and street transports stay significant. Railroads are the central method of transportation for both cargo and travelers. The legislature is taking a shot at improving the transportation framework in light of the fact that the interest is today significant. Just 63% of street are cleared which hinder the correspondence between the various regions. There are 400 air terminals in India and worldwide ports, for example, Chennai, Haildia, Calcutta†¦ Although there is a huge private-division inclusion in transportation in India, the administration plays a huge administrative and formative job. The focal government has services to deal with common aeronautics, railways, and surface transportation. The area should likewise acclimate to outside exchange development, segment pressures and expanding urbanization, innovative change and out of date quality, vitality accessibility, and ecological and open security concerns. Vitality India being one of the quickest developing economies on the planet has a quickly developing vitality request powered by a regularly expanding pace of industrialisation and urbanization. Indias colossal potential for vitality creation and utilization has improved venture prospects in this field. Openings have augmented quickly with the opening up of this territory to control designers internationally. Then again there are connected fears being voiced by a few NGOs identifying with the inescapable increment of natural issues including populace relocations. Future development in vitality segment would rely upon the rise of fitting capital markets. This is valid for new creation limit, both customary and inexhaustible, just as measures coordinated at improving vitality effectiveness in

Humanitarian Reason by Didier Fassin essays

The Jack Roller

Diminish Wilke Professor Callais Analysis Paper February 11, 2013 The Jack Roller In the book The Jack Roller writer Clifford Shaw is a criminologist who has explored various energetic degenerates to see precisely when the abnormality starts and how it develops. The book plunges profound into the psyche of a specific instance of a kid named Stanley in Chicago during the 1920’s. From the earliest starting point of the book Stanley is mishandled by his stepmother regularly being saved so she could tend to here genuine youngsters. I accept this book is most precisely delineates the social learning theory.Stanley has been presented to a large number of uplifting viewpoints of wrongdoing from his loved ones at a very youthful age. I bolster the clear record hypothesis in light of the fact that in the absolute starting point of the book Stanley’s stepmother urges him to act in freak conduct. â€Å"One day my stepmother advised William to take me to the railroad yard to break into train units. † (52-53). So Stanley has been taken under the wing of his progression sibling who is taking stuff for there stepmother, consequently they are remunerated for taking. This is an ideal case of a presenting Stanley to an uplifting point of view toward crime.With this incident it launched Stanley’s degenerate conduct he started taking for the sake of entertainment for a long time, continually being gotten by the police and taken to detainments homes which were a sorry discipline for him. Stanley delighted in being in the confinement home more than his genuine home so the ramification for his criminal conduct nearly was an award for him. In the confinement home, Stanley had the option to meet other criminal that besides gave him encouraging feedback of wrongdoing, â€Å"I was truly awed by the courage and intelligence of the more established evildoers. Their accounts of experience entranced my puerile creative mind, and I felt attracted to them. (57). Th ese criminal that Stanley met roused him; they gave him somebody to admire, somebody that he could try to be through wrongdoing. Subsequent to being discharged Stanley was gotten by his progression mother just to flee once more to endure several days at that point be gotten by the police in the city. This procedure happened a huge number of times until in the long run he was sent to the St. Charles School for Boys. â€Å"The exacting control, hard discipline, no diversion, dread, and out of line breaks made life hopeless. † (68). St. Charles was the principal negative ramification for his crimes.Stanley was totally hopeless there and longed to get out just to return to taking. In watching this book you understand that all Stanley knows is wrongdoing, he much of the time is in and out of a vocation, and saves one for seldom longer than a month. Stanley knows only wrongdoing it has been engraved into his â€Å"clean slate†, and he has figured out how to get by off of it. In the wake of serving 16 months Stanley was discharged for St. Charles just to be captured not before long and return back to St. Charles for one more month. In the wake of being discharged Stanley tries to win his cash genuinely and goes however a large number of jobs.He begins living with this stepsister, just to be kicked out in view of missing rent. He at that point meets a cordial lady who brings him into her homes and allows him to live. Stanley appreciates the organization of this lady and utilizations her as fairly a passionate discharge, â€Å"This time I was not apprehensive, yet felt an influx of sorrow and pity come over me, on the grounds that a lady was offering me compassion; something I had never gotten. † (76). Stanley lived with this lady for about a month soon to discover she was a whore, in spite of the fact that he was stunned he didn't censure her for it and Stanley understood.He still left her to go to the YMCA just to come back to the detainment home . The collaboration with Stanley and the whore implements the social learning hypothesis since it is presenting Stanley to his first mother figure that is a crook. The main positive female impact in all his years makes her living dependent on wrongdoing; one could perceive how this could effect such a susceptible energetic brain. In the end the VP of an organization he worked for took in Stanley, the man had no youngsters and was very wealthy.Stanley appreciated living with him and his better half yet longed for the opportunity of his city, and at the principal opportunity get together his cash and fled. After this Stanley started to get engaged with significantly more intricate robberies and â€Å" Jack Rolling†, he became with a â€Å"gang† of different young men and was making a lot of cash ransacking and taking. â€Å"So we carried out our specialty with a yelling accomplishment for two months. At times we made as much as 200 dollars in a solitary day. † (97 ), this communicated a huge uplifting feedback of wrongdoing to Stanley.Stanley has never made this kind of cash in his life previously, it is substantially more fun and simpler as he would like to think than working a vocation and you can make significantly more than a vocation. In this book I trust Stanley was raised on an existence of wrongdoing, almost all that he was presented to gave an inspirational point of view toward this wrongdoing. He essentially never was presented to any genuine discipline before it was to late. The entirety of the well disposed individuals he met were lawbreakers, for example, the whore and his group, he made a lot of cash â€Å"jack rolling†, and he delighted in the sense of self from his criminal record with all the regard it earned him from the youth.The social learning hypothesis bolsters Stanley’s case since his family, companions, school, and his condition all guided him into an existence of wrongdoing. The other conceivable hypoth esis I could see one picking would be the control hypothesis, accepting that individuals are normally disposed to carry out wrongdoing could appear as though it could fit Stanley’s case. The explanation I didn't pick it is on the grounds that the condition that Stanley was in I feel made him. His stepmother, his kin and stepsiblings, the detainment home, his posse, and individuals, for example, the whore every single affected hello there degenerate life an extraordinary sum. The Jack Roller Diminish Wilke Professor Callais Analysis Paper February 11, 2013 The Jack Roller In the book The Jack Roller writer Clifford Shaw is a criminologist who has examined various energetic freaks to see precisely when the aberrance starts and how it advances. The book jumps profound into the psyche of a specific instance of a kid named Stanley in Chicago during the 1920’s. From the earliest starting point of the book Stanley is manhandled by his stepmother frequently being saved so she could tend to here genuine youngsters. I accept this book is most precisely portrays the social learning theory.Stanley has been presented to a large number of uplifting standpoints of wrongdoing from his loved ones at a very youthful age. I bolster the clear record hypothesis in light of the fact that in the earliest reference point of the book Stanley’s stepmother urges him to act in degenerate conduct. â€Å"One day my stepmother advised William to take me to the railroad yard to break in to freight cars. † (52-53). So Stanley has been taken under the wing of his progression sibling who is taking stuff for there stepmother, consequently they are compensated for taking. This is an ideal case of a presenting Stanley to an uplifting point of view toward crime.With this occurrence it launched Stanley’s freak conduct he started taking for the sake of entertainment for a long time, continually being gotten by the police and taken to confinements homes which were a sorry discipline for him. Stanley delighted in being in the confinement home more than his genuine home so the ramification for his criminal conduct nearly was an award for him. In the confinement home, Stanley had the option to meet other criminal that besides gave him uplifting feedback of wrongdoing, â€Å"I was truly awed by the fortitude and insight of the more seasoned hoodlums. Their accounts of experience captivated my puerile creative mind, and I felt attracted to them. (57). These criminal that Stanley met enlivened him; they gave him somebody to admire, somebody that he could try to be through wrongdoing. In the wake of being discharged Stanley was gotten by his progression mother just to flee once more to endure two or three days at that point be gotten by the police in the city. This procedure happened a large number of times until in the end he was sent to the St. Charles School for Boys. â€Å"The severe order, hard discipline, no entertainment, dread, and out of line breaks made life hopeless. † (68). St. Charles was the main negative ramification for his crimes.Stanley was completely hopeless there and longed to get out just to return to taking. In watching this book you understand that all Stanley knows is wrongdoing, he much of the time is in and out of an occupation, and saves one for infrequently longer than a month. Stanley knows only wrongdoing it has been engraved into his â€Å"clean slate†, and he has figured out how to make due off of i t. Subsequent to serving 16 months Stanley was discharged for St. Charles just to be captured not before long and return back to St. Charles for one more month. In the wake of being discharged Stanley tries to procure his cash genuinely and goes however a large number of jobs.He begins living with this stepsister, just to be kicked out in light of missing rent. He at that point meets a neighborly lady who brings him into her homes and allows him to live. Stanley appreciates the organization of this lady and utilizations her as to some degree a passionate discharge, â€Å"This time I was not apprehensive, yet felt a rush of discouragement and bitterness come over me, on the grounds that a lady was offering me compassion; something I had never gotten. † (76). Stanley lived with this lady for about a month soon to discover she was a whore, despite the fact that he was stunned he didn't censure her for it and Stanley understood.He still left her to go to the YMCA just to come bac k to the detainment home. The connection with Stanley and the whore upholds the social learning hypothesis since it is presenting Stanley to his first mother figure that is a crook. The main positive female

Topic For Essay Writing For School

Topic For Essay Writing For SchoolTopic for essay writing for school? My dilemma is this. The topic for essay writing for school, should be based on the idea of the teacher, not on you or your school. Let me explain.As college students we are not supposed to come up with something that will suit our teacher and make him happy. That is not how it should be done.The simple question is; what is the best topic? I would say that the only right topic is whatever will make you proud to be from your school.You should be able to put together a tip-top form for your school and the paper should also be completed accordingly. In that manner the professor will appreciate your efforts.You can even show your love for your school by writing about the students of your school in an essay. If the topic for essay writing for school is based on a group of students, the paper should be divided into two parts.One part will have to be dedicated to them and the other part will have to be dedicated to you. It is important to remember this aspect when looking for topics for your essay.The writer should focus on things that interest him and he should want to write down something that will make the professor proud of him. If your professor has provided good and constructive criticism then he will appreciate your efforts in essay writing for school.If he has not offered you anything then move on to another topic. Many things can happen during a semester. When it comes to the topic for essay writing for school, you have to be able to follow his ideas or directions so as to make your article as good as possible.

Should Films and Computer Games with Violence be Restricted Essay

Should Films and Computer Games with Violence be Restricted - Essay Example Today PC games, for example, Grand Theft Auto permit clients to effectively take part in vehicle robbery and murder. Movies, for example, Die Hard praise brutality. With the expanding progression of topic, a developing collection of concern has risen regarding the degree that movies and PC games with savagery ought to be limited. This paper looks at this inquiry through an assessment of sentiments both in favor and against limitations on film and PC game brutality before eventually contending that there ought to be a degree of limitations on savage computer games and movies. Investigation Perhaps the most inescapable contention for prohibitive measures on brutal movies and computer games is that these news sources cause genuine wrongdoing through desensitizing the watchers and game players. There are an assortment of viewpoints on this issue. Probably the most remarkable and persuading contentions have risen as an immediate aftereffect of mental research. Dill (2000) led an examinati on that is contended to exhibit commitment with vicious movies and computer games â€Å"provide a gathering for learning and rehearsing forceful answers for strife situations† and there is the understanding that such brutality â€Å"appears to influence hostility by preparing forceful considerations. Longer-term impacts are probably going to be longer enduring also, as the player learns and rehearses new animosity related contents that can turn out to be increasingly more open for use when genuine clash circumstances emerge. If valid, these are amazing ends. Basically, Dill is contending that through support in vicious computer games and movies, members are really ready to practice how they will act in brutal or criminal settings. This viewpoint isn't unrealistic when one thinks about that brutal movies frequently certainly request that the watcher relate to a hero who is happy to take part in fierce goes about as a methods for understanding clashes. Computer games go signif icantly further in permitting the client to really take an interest in the savagery. At last, it’s away from the potential desensitizing impacts of brutal movies and computer games is a squeezing concern. Another noticeable concern is that rough computer games detrimentally affect the individual’s psychological turn of events. While conventional computer games have been shown to contain addictive characteristics, developing assortments of analysts contend that the addictive nature of vicious computer games has an inexorably negative effect on subjective turn of events. The addictive idea of computer games has been a since a long time ago settled actuality with an organization of players alluded to as ‘gamers’ in many cases taking an interest in as much as 40-50 hours of computer game playing every week. At the point when such computer game playing happens with regards to a brutality gaming world, the potential for negative intellectual advancement events i s contended to turn into a promptly clear truth. To be sure, various examples have been recorded where extraordinary outcomes have happened for people. In one cases, with respect to a kid in Moscow it’s noticed that, â€Å"He had gotten terrible stamps as well as known for awful conduct in class.â Denial of computer games is, by all rights, proper discipline and I’m sure nobody felt that it would prompt his jumpingâ from his nineteenth floor condo

Essay Topics Associated With a Sense of an Ending

Essay Topics Associated With a Sense of an EndingThere are many essay topics associated with a sense of an ending, some obvious and some not so obvious. An essay topic that is associated with a sense of an ending has one end in mind, but the process involved is not as clearly laid out. Some common topics associated with a sense of an ending include:Characters and their journey. When thinking about any end, the journey of the character should be a major factor in the process.Conclusion. The whole point of an essay is to develop the author's personality, perhaps a reflection of himself. He is still alive and writing, and therefore there is no point in sticking to one logical conclusion. The idea is to leave the reader wondering if there is more.Theme. There can be no ending without a beginning and a theme is what establishes that starting point. An end without a beginning creates a gap in the story.Conclusion. There can be no ending without a beginning and a conclusion, if you wanted t o make a statement, you would have to start out with the beginning, your own words, then describe the ending.Ending. The sense of an ending might be the death of the author himself, as it were. There might be a break with his previous work, leaving the reader to imagine what is to come.Well, that was the beginning. There are many more topics associated with a sense of an ending and the usual way of thinking about this is to picture the end of something that has happened.I hope you enjoyed reading about some of the most popular essay topics associated with a sense of an ending. If you are trying to formulate a theme for your next essay, you might find this helpful.

The Personal Statement That Got Me a Large Scholarship to Cambridge

In October 2008, I submitted an application for a Masters program in Latin American Studies at Cambridge University. At the time, I was a bit lost in life; I was what they call a â€Å"super-senior† at UCLA, taking my last three General Education requirements during Fall quarter of a fifth year. I had already walked for graduation the June before and the future was oddly wide open, and incredibly empty to me. Like many students who are â€Å"good at school,† I thought that a graduate program seemed like a reasonable idea, especially because 2008 was a year during which jobs for recent graduates were extremely hard to come by. So I opened a number of applications for PhD programs in the United States and, on the advice of a professor, I applied to Cambridge because of the opportunity to win a Gates Cambridge Scholarship. While the application to Cambridge’s Latin American Studies program did not differ greatly from that of most global graduate schools, in order to be considered for funding opportunities I needed to submit an additional personal statement. The prompt was daunting: In not more than 500 words, please describe below how your interests and achievements, both academic and extra-curricular, demonstrate a capacity for leadership, commitment to using your knowledge to serve your community and to applying your talents to improve the lives of others. I was 22, and I had never really tried to articulate how my curiosity about foreign languages, Latin American literature, and film could demonstrate â€Å"a capacity for leadership,† or the ability to â€Å"serve my community.† But I gave it a go. hbspt.cta.load(58291, '332ce827-d7de-4f9f-9f9e-ecbe72f20b41', {}); The statement of purpose I wrote and submitted to Cambridge on October 15, 2008: I grew up in Oakland, California, one of the most violent and disparate urban communities in America. While I knew this as a child, I only knew it in a distant sense. I caught glimpses of newspaper headlines with phrases like â€Å"gang violence† and â€Å"high homicide rate.† I heard rap songs on the radio that referred to the infamous â€Å"O-town of the West,† or the area code â€Å"510.† Those were always funny references to my hometown, but they were words and sayings; they never felt like realities to me as I grew up. To my great surprise, these newspaper articles, statistics, and song lyrics only became real to me when I left Oakland and America to spend my junior year abroad in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and then return home. Before I arrived there, Brazil only existed on paper, in books like Peter Winn’s Americas, and on screen in films like City of God. The mesmerizing topography and diverse population of Rio de Janeiro were realities that I approached with trepidation. But after a year, I abandoned my preconceptions about the city and was even comfortable using unofficial vans, or kombis, to navigate my way through the chaotic and sprawling city. I overcame my fears and learned how to assert myself appropriately in difficult situations. Just as I had become comfortably aware of the realities of Oakland, I became inured to the violence and class conflicts that had frightened me before arriving in Rio. With regards to this experience, the most educational and enlightening moments of shock came to me as I drove through Oakland on my way home from the airport. I had not been home for a year, my eyes were glued to the car window, and I saw everything differently. Though the terrain between the Oakland airport and my home is relatively flat, that day the socio-economic inequality was as clear to me as the diverse topography of Rio de Janeiro. To put it simply, there were houses with fences and window guards, and houses with large driveways and beautifully landscaped gardens. Through subtle markers and contexts, the issues and conflicts that had surprised and scared me in Rio were suddenly applicable to the scenery and media of my hometown. Both of these experiences, of arriving in Brazil and returning to Oakland, are powerful instances of where academic or literary knowledge solidifies through the experience of real events. I want to know more about issues of urban Latin America because they are directly related to urban American issues. Emotional and analytical access to these socio-economic issues through literature and film is a bridge that I passionately want to extend towards students. Every person who enters a college classroom is profoundly privileged with the opportunity to see herself and her surroundings differently. It is my dream to inspire others to see education as an opportunity to travel, to experience difference, and to return home with critical points of view, and the desire to create positive change. What Is a Scholarship? And Why Didn’t I Get One? Here’s what happened after I submitted: On December 10, 2008 I received an email from the Center of Latin American Studies informing me that I had been accepted to the program and would be hearing from the Board of Graduate Studies shortly. On December 14, 2008 I was informed that I had made it to the finalist round for Gates Cambridge, and that interviews were to be held on February 7, 2009. After finishing my coursework at UCLA, I moved home in December, picked up a job as a waitress at a local diner, and started applying for office jobs in the Bay Area. And on January 1, 2009, 22-year-old Oscar Grant was fatally shot by a BART cop at Fruitvale Station in Oakland, California. How I was shocked during my Gates Cambridge interview: During my 25-minute interview with the Gates committee in February, I was completely stunned by a question that one of the British members posed as a research question. It was something like: â€Å"Given that you propose to study Latin American film as part of your research, what do you think of the footage of Oscar Grant’s death?† I was pretty much speechless when this question was asked, and I had a hard time composing myself. Footage of Oscar Grant’s killing was impossible to avoid in Oakland. The cell phone recordings of Oscar Grant’s death were also the first reel of raw film images that I had ever seen to depict the end of an actual person’s life. I had seen American History X, a movie in which a white man brutally commits racist and fatal hate crimes, but those were fictional images. Most of the films that I studied regarding Latin America were also made of fictional images. The footage of Oscar Grant dying was a visceral reality for me, and it came with weeks of rioting in my hometown, a series of incredibly tense conversations with neighbors and family, feelings of guilt about my whiteness, and a deep sense of helplessness about the world around me. What I learned from writing my Cambridge statement of purpose: None of those words came out in my interview. Overwhelmed with emotions, I just wasn’t able to express myself in that moment, and I tried to move on as quickly as possible. But since then, I’ve thought a lot about that question. In hindsight, the question was a genuine response to my personal statement, which means that the statement had been effective even before it became timely. Remember, I was selected for the shortlist before Oscar Grant was shot, but the setting that I created by observing my own surroundings in the personal statement is what allowed for the committee to connect with a reality that was still unfolding around me. When I first wrote this statement, I was afraid it didn’t say enough about my achievements, past leadership experiences, or meaningful accomplishments. I didn’t talk about an obstacle overcome, I acknowledged my privilege, and I didn’t know anything about what the essay was supposed to be like. But after my many years of working with students from a variety of backgrounds on diversity statements and scholarship applications, I understand why this was a successful statement. All I did was observe myself in the world, genuinely and honestly. I described my relationship to Oakland from an insider’s eyes, and an outsider’s eyes, and that allowed the committee to learn about me within the context of where I grew up. Because I described Oakland from the eyes of someone just off of a plane from Rio de Janeiro, I gave the committee concrete insights that they couldn’t have surmised from the first sentence: â€Å"I grew up in Oakland, California.â₠¬  This is an issue that comes up a lot when I work with people on personal statements. Oftentimes the things that you know about yourself and your surroundings are so obvious to you that you forget to describe these insights to your audience. That’s your job in a personal statement, to explain who you are, what drives you to accomplish your goals, and why your current course of study matters to you, and others. How to Write a Compelling Personal Statement If you’re working on a statement like this and you start to wonder what it’s supposed to be, or what you’re supposed to talk about, tell yourself to stop asking that question. Instead ask yourself, what do you know intuitively about how you move in the world? How can you observe yourself so that someone else gets a glimpse of how you think, what you care about, and why you want to do the things that you want to do? I didn’t end up getting the Gates Cambridge Scholarship, which felt like a blow at the time. But as a result of this same essay, I was shortly thereafter awarded a Cambridge Overseas Trust Scholarship for  £10,000 ($17,000) which covered most of my tuition, and I ended up going to Cambridge and studying Latin American film. I also took away some incredible lessons from that interview, and those personal insights made the whole process worth it. Working on your SOP? Get the help you need to write a personal, meaningful graduate statement of purpose. Work one-on-one with an experienced admissions advisor – one who has personally been there – to create an application you’re proud to submit. And did you know that Accepteds clients received over $1 million dollars in scholarship offers in the last application cycle? Learn more about how Accepted can help when you check out our Graduate School Admissions Consulting Services. hbspt.cta.load(58291, '4751002f-5aa9-40d8-bb71-6d43a4318bd2', {}); By Rebecca Lippman, Accepted consultant. Prior to working at Accepted Rebecca worked as a Student Affairs Advisor at the UCLA Scholarship Resource Center. She has taught undergraduate and graduate students how to write large grant applications for grants awarded by organizations such as Fulbright Student Program, Gates Cambridge Scholarship, Knight-Hennessy Scholars, Ford Foundation, Paul Daisy Soros Fellowship for New Americans, and the National Science Foundation. Rebecca has a masters degree from University of Cambridge, and is currently pursuing a PhD in Comparative Literature at UCLA. Want Rebecca to help you get Accepted? Click here to get in touch! Related Resources: †¢ What I Learned about Grant Writing from Putting Together 3 Fulbright Applications Before Finally Being Selected †¢ What Is a Scholarship? And Why Didn’t I Get One? †¢ Awards! Grants! Scholarships! Oh My! a podcast episode

Short Story - 1117 Words

A sudden shower of sparks cast a warm, golden light into the travel cruiser. Light. The heat reminded him of the summer and as he breathed in the air, rather than the scent of grass and deep earth overturned in the fields, he smelled the sick tinge of clinical metal and filtered air. Rowland opened his eyes to see sparks flying past the single window allowed in the single-occupant models. His arms, still bound by the restraints in the cryo-pod, fought against the metal braces until the automated voice announced the emergency collision alert. â€Å"Emergency Release Initiated,† the monotone voice announced. Rowland felt the restraints release as the rest of the life systems shut down and pulled away into standby†¦show more content†¦Propulsion†¦no, no†¦thrusters perhaps†¦oh, by the stars and all that dwells in the heavens, how do I move this blasted ship? His mind raced as the burning object drew closer and closer to the cruiser. â€Å"BRACE†¦ BRACE†¦BRACE,† the computer screeched between the static. Rowland felt one of the thrusters fire off, moving the cruiser slighting away, but it wasn’t going to give enough thrust in time to escape the impact. His mind stuck on the promotional plaque that reflected all the emergency lights on the control panel. The glistening icon of the five planets that made the Outer-Ring of the solar system began to glow with the burning star. â€Å"The Outer-Ring,† he said, laughing at the irony as he braced for impact. â€Å"A new step for mankind.† They promised that the Outer-Ring was a place where dreams do come true. But they forget that nightmares were dreams too. She was like the moon†¦part of her was always hidden from him. It was too late now, to ever really know her, he would have had to look up from his work to notice the beautiful stranger that was holding his hand. â€Å"Carson, we cannot be late!† he said as he slid the small metal case into her regulation-size travel container as they stopped for a moment to let her fix her shoe. Time was too short. It had always been. The spaceport was crowded with the day’s scheduled launches. Each cruiser, her father had said, was nothingShow MoreRelatedshort story1018 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Short Stories:  Ã‚  Characteristics †¢Short  - Can usually be read in one sitting. †¢Concise:  Ã‚  Information offered in the story is relevant to the tale being told.  Ã‚  This is unlike a novel, where the story can diverge from the main plot †¢Usually tries to leave behind a  single impression  or effect.  Ã‚  Usually, though not always built around one character, place, idea, or act. †¢Because they are concise, writers depend on the reader bringing  personal experiences  and  prior knowledge  to the story. Four MajorRead MoreThe Short Stories Ideas For Writing A Short Story Essay1097 Words   |  5 Pageswriting a short story. Many a time, writers run out of these short story ideas upon exhausting their sources of short story ideas. If you are one of these writers, who have run out of short story ideas, and the deadline you have for coming up with a short story is running out, the short story writing prompts below will surely help you. Additionally, if you are being tormented by the blank Microsoft Word document staring at you because you are not able to come up with the best short story idea, youRead MoreShort Story1804 Words   |  8 PagesShort story: Definition and History. A  short story  like any other term does not have only one definition, it has many definitions, but all of them are similar in a general idea. According to The World Book Encyclopedia (1994, Vol. 12, L-354), â€Å"the short story is a short work of fiction that usually centers around a single incident. Because of its shorter length, the characters and situations are fewer and less complicated than those of a novel.† In the Cambridge Advanced Learner’s DictionaryRead MoreShort Stories648 Words   |  3 Pageswhat the title to the short story is. The short story theme I am going conduct on is â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty’ by James Thurber (1973). In this short story the literary elements being used is plot and symbols and the theme being full of distractions and disruption. The narrator is giving a third person point of view in sharing the thoughts of the characters. Walter Mitty the daydreamer is very humorous in the different plots of his dr ifting off. In the start of the story the plot, symbols,Read MoreShort Stories1125 Words   |  5 PagesThe themes of short stories are often relevant to real life? To what extent do you agree with this view? In the short stories â€Å"Miss Brill† and â€Å"Frau Brechenmacher attends a wedding† written by Katherine Mansfield, the themes which are relevant to real life in Miss Brill are isolation and appearance versus reality. Likewise Frau Brechenmacher suffers through isolation throughout the story and also male dominance is one of the major themes that are highlighted in the story. These themes areRead MoreShort Story and People1473 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Title: Story Of An Hour Author: Kate Chopin I. On The Elements / Literary Concepts The short story Story Of An Hour is all about the series of emotions that the protagonist, Mrs. Mallard showed to the readers. With the kind of plot of this short story, it actually refers to the moments that Mrs. Mallard knew that all this time, her husband was alive. For the symbol, I like the title of this short story because it actually symbolizes the time where Mrs. Mallard died with joy. And with thatRead MoreShort Story Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesA short story concentrates on creating a single dynamic effect and is limited in character and situation. It is a language of maximum yet economical effect. Every word must do a job, sometimes several jobs. Short stories are filled with numerous language and sound devices. These language and sound devices create a stronger image of the scenario or the characters within the text, which contribute to the overall pre-designed effect.As it is shown in the metaphor lipstick bleeding gently in CinnamonRead MoreRacism in the Short Stor ies1837 Words   |  7 PagesOften we read stories that tell stories of mixing the grouping may not always be what is legal or what people consider moral at the time. The things that you can learn from someone who is not like you is amazing if people took the time to consider this before judging someone the world as we know it would be a completely different place. The notion to overlook someone because they are not the same race, gender, creed, religion seems to be the way of the world for a long time. Racism is so prevalentRead MoreThe Idol Short Story1728 Words   |  7 PagesThe short stories â€Å"The Idol† by Adolfo Bioy Casares and â€Å"Axolotl† by Julio Cortà ¡zar address the notion of obsession, and the resulting harm that can come from it. Like all addictions, obsession makes one feel overwhelmed, as a single thought comes to continuously intruding our mind, causing the individual to not be able to ignore these thoughts. In â€Å"Axolotl†, the narr ator is drawn upon the axolotls at the Jardin des Plantes aquarium and his fascination towards the axolotls becomes an obsession. InRead MoreGothic Short Story1447 Words   |  6 Pages The End. In the short story, â€Å"Emma Barrett,† the reader follows a search party group searching for a missing girl named Emma deep in a forest in Oregon. The story follows through first person narration by a group member named Holden. This story would be considered a gothic short story because of its use of setting, theme, symbolism, and literary devices used to portray the horror of a missing six-year-old girl. Plot is the literal chronological development of the story, the sequence of events

Corporate Social Responsibility Of The Business World

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPOSIBILITY Presentation: Corporate social commitment is the term used to portray the way that a business considers the cash related, characteristic and social impacts of decisions and exercises it is incorporated in. The piece of Corporate Social Responsibility in the business world has made from a fig leaf publicizing front into a fundamental piece of corporate behavior over the span of late years. Conservative frameworks are regarded, pined for and passed on additional by appropriate players in various business endeavors all around all through the world. Both investigation and corporate practice thusly see CSR as a controlling rule for business accomplishment. Authentic BACKGROUND-: As social diary obligation says that in the 1950s the fundamental focus was on associations commitments to society and doing incredible deeds for society. In the 1960s key events, people and considerations were instrumental in portraying the social changes presented in the midst of this decade. In the 1970s business directors associated the standard organization limits when overseeing CSR issues, while, in the 1980s, business and social interest came closer and firms ended up being more responsive to their accomplices. In the midst of the 1990s the considered CSR ended up being for the most part embraced, moreover CSR was consolidated with technique composing ultimately, in the 2000s, CSR ended up being totally a discriminating key issue. SUPPORTING EVIDENCE-:Show MoreRelatedWhy Has Corporate Social Responsibility Become Such a Prominent Part of the Business World Today?1977 Words   |  8 PagesWhy has Corporate Social Responsibility become such a prominent part of the business world today? It is widely believed that Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is one of the most important tasks in the twenty century. Some people may consider that companies have always been the profit organizations, and social affairs are in charge by the government, which is a common sense that there are no directly relationships between each other. However, CSR is considered one of the key elements to sustainRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : Corporate Responsibility773 Words   |  4 PagesCorporate social responsibility may also be referred to as corporate citizenship and can involve spending finances that do not directly benefit the company but rather advocate positive social and environmental change. The soul in the next economy forum presentation made it evident that achieving corporate social responsibly in a company can reap major benefits in terms of finances, more inspiring workplace and customer satisfaction. In the past, companies mistakenly thought that corporate socialRead MoreTypes Of Corporate Social Responsibility1539 Words   |  7 PagesOwning a business used to mean that a when company provided a good or service to a consumer it received a profit in return. Owning a business has developed into a greater thing then the cut and dry definition previously mentioned. Society’s desires have changed with the times, and it burdens businesses to accept more social responsibility for the cost of doing business. In order for a business to continue to be successful in this rapidly changing business world it must accept the changes of corporateRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility Essay1334 Words   |  6 PagesThe term Corporate Social Responsibility refers to a company’s responsibility to provide a benefit to the society the company affects. Corporate social responsibility incorporates dimensions of corporate responsibility, and corporate policy which include a compa ny’s policy to hire minority or disabled workers, or taking a stance on social and political issues that benefit the community. The social portion of corporate social responsibility includes corporate charitable business contributions andRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility Of India Essay1669 Words   |  7 Pages CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN INDIA â€Å"Crossing the Bridge from Knowing to doing† Jasleen Kaur Luthra* â€Å"Successful people have a social responsibility to make the world a better place and not just take from it.† Carie Underwood Abstract The 21st century is characterized by unprecedented challenges and opportunities, arising from globalization, the desire forRead MoreThe Problems of Social Responsibility1350 Words   |  5 Pages1. INTRODUCTION Combine Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) into strategic management is making and increase profit to a companys business. In recent year, the importance of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has gradually become a very concern to industries. Hence, there have been gradually increasing tensions with many companies and increase the responsibility of managers try to carry out Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) to society. In fact, managers should be having knowledge and understandingRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility On A Social Level1086 Words   |  5 Pagesis to understand how a large progressive company operates in the corporate world as well as fulfills their corporate responsibility on a social level. While corporate responsibility is important, it is always viewed through the fiscal viability dimension of the maelstrom. The business case dominates the representation and operationalization of corporate responsibility. Due to the increased public sensitivity to co rporate responsibility, the attitude has evolved from the unnecessary intrusion, throughRead Moreâ€Å"Why Companies Can No Longer Afford to Ignore Their Social Responsibilities†1388 Words   |  6 PagesAfford to Ignore Their Social Responsibilities† Theme of the Article Over the years, the perspective of corporate social responsibility has evolved in Corporate America. Today, many businesses have made promises to contribute to current social problems, such as the environment and labor standards. Companies are now looking at corporate social responsibility as a sustainability tactic that can benefit their overall market value. Companies that do not pay attention to their social and ethical responsibilitiesRead MoreChallenges in Implementing Csr1580 Words   |  7 PagesChallenges in implementing CSR Corporate Social Responsibility can be separate into internal dimension and external dimension. Internal dimension and external dimension Internal dimension focuses on organizational practices with respect to internal stakeholders that should be aligned to corporate social responsibility standards. It includes human resource management, safety and health, environmental impact and corporate change. External dimension focus on an organization practices towards externalRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility Definition1011 Words   |  5 PagesThis research study is about what the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is, how people define and how I understand this term? According to my research and observations, CSR does not have only one and constant definition. I have read a lot of definitions of CSR and in fact, they are similar but not the same. Briefly, definition and understanding of CSR depends on person to person. Thus, I am going to talk about definitions of the CSR and I will define my own perspective about the CSR.

Civil Right - 734 Words

Everything began with a third-grader student named Linda Brown who was an African American and had to walk a mile to get to a colored school, while she lived about seven block away from an all-white school. This commanded the awakening of a nation to combat segregation. According to the book â€Å"American Government roots and reform†, explains that Brown v. Board of education (1954) case consisted on the U.S. Supreme Court decision holding that school segregation is inherently unconstitutional because it violates the fourteen Amendment ‘s that guarantee equal protection.† This shows that African American kids were discriminated as well their rights were violated. Furthermore, the article â€Å"Land mark: Brown v. Board of education â€Å" explains that†¦show more content†¦Therefore, this violates the â€Å"equal protection clause: state it on the fourteen amendment. [pg.128]. this demonstrates how kid’s rights were violated. Furthermore, depend on the doll study conducted by Kenneth and Mamie Clark demonstrated that children from segregated schools feel inferior to white children. Finally, this led on May 17, 1954, Chief justice Earl Warren and the justices to agree unanimous on declaring segregation in public school unconstitutional. According to the article â€Å"How relevant is Brown v. Board of Education today?† â€Å"As a nation, we have backed away from the commitment inherent in Brown v. Board, today’s solution are much less focused on the social and cultural benefit of integration. They concentrate on how to build more learning opportunity and ensure that all student share the same opportunity to become proficient based on national standards.† [Warren, prg.5]. This demonstrates that the cases still relevant because student have the freedom to attend and pursue a higher education, even though they do not focused on social and cultural backgrounds and mostly focused more in the academic standar ds. However, in the article â€Å"LDF Statement on the 61st Anniversary of Brown v. Board of education of Brown v. Board of education† â€Å"Today, LDF continues its decades- long commitment for all children. This includesShow MoreRelatedThe Civil Rights Movement1286 Words   |  6 PagesThe Civil Rights movement is one of the most important acts to change the way not only African Americans were able to live their lives but all races and colors. It would slowly break down the social, economic, political, and racial barriers that were created by the The Age of Discovery and Transatlantic Slave trade. I believe without the Civil Rights acts our country would result to be no better than what it was when the Emancipation Proclamation just took effect. In the 1950s and long before, SouthernRead MoreCivil Rights And Civil Liberties1025 Words   |  5 PagesJennyfer Tshilanda Professor Sharifian Government 2305 September 28th, 2017. 1 Civil rights vs Civil liberties 1. 2 Define Civil Liberties; then define Civil Rights. How are they similar? How do they differ? Which civil sequence has more influence on your life as you know it to be now? Why do you believe this to be so? Civil rights and civil of liberties have regularly been the discussion of different locales throughout the years. In the achievement of social liberties and freedoms, laws and statutoryRead MoreWomans Civil Right1308 Words   |  6 PagesA Women’s Civil Right The speech †A Women’s Civil Right† was written in 1969 and the feminist author Betty Friedan delivered it. Betty Friedan was a proponent of the modern women’s movement and claimed that women in 1969 and onwards should not be trapped in the stereotypical housewife role. Friedan was convinces that social barriers in the society kept women imprisoned in â€Å"the housewife trap†. She wanted women to have better career opportunities, introduce equality with men and to eliminate theRead MoreThe Rise Of The Civil Rights Movement1179 Words   |  5 Pagesthat arose in the 1960s, there are three movements that truly affected the American society. Firstly, the rise of the civil rights movement was greatly influenced by racial discrimination of colored people in the South. Secondly, the women’s movement aimed to convince the society that women are capable of achieving and maintaining higher waged job like males. Lastly, the gay rights movement aimed to gain acceptance and stop discrimination of homosexuality. The most significant effect on the developmentRead MoreCivil Liberties And Civil Rights1081 Words   |  5 Pages1 McGahey 3 Megan McGahey Sherry Sharifian GOVT 2305 71430 20 September 2017 Civil Liberties vs. Civil Rights In the U.S. most use the terms Civil Liberties and Civil Rights interchangeably; although they both protect the freedom of citizens they do this in different ways. 2 Civil Liberties are limitations placed on the government. These are things the government is restricted to do, by the constitution. Things that could interfere with personal freedom. 3 For example, the 1st amendment says thatRead MoreThe American Civil Rights Movement1519 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican Civil Rights Movement is personified through several prominent personalities. These figures exhibited strong character throughout their careers in activism that revolutionized the ideals and opportunities of the 20th century, standing as precedents for courage and perseverance in the face of widespread systemic oppression. However, not all of these figures received the acknowledgment and acceptance that their legacy deserved. One such figure was Bayard Rustin, a lifelong Civil Rights activistRead MoreReasons F or The Civil Rights Movement1436 Words   |  6 PagesWhen did the Civil Rights Movement begin in earnest in Buffalo? The Civil Rights Movement In Buffalo was weak and many people were quiet and conservative. It was less a Movement than a group of scattered individuals, primarily black and Jewish. This Civil Rights Movement happened in the late 1960’s and early 1970’s. Some people believed that this movement began in Western New York. African Americans faced many social problems during this time period, which demonstrated the significance of organizingRead MoreCivil Rights And Civil Liberties1009 Words   |  5 Pages29 September 2017 Civil Liberties are basic freedoms and rights that are guaranteed to us by the government through the Constitution, Bill of Rights, and the Federal Law (â€Å"Civil Rights vs. Civil Liberties.†). Whether they are freedom of speech or a right to an attorney, these basic rights are a right to all of us. 1 Civil rights are the basic rights to be free from unequal treatment based on certain protected characteristics (race, gender, disability, etc. ) (â€Å"Civil Rights vs. Civil Liberties.†). WhetherRead MoreCivil Rights Movement823 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction: This paper is about the blacks wanting equal rights like the whites have.Then everything gets out of hand.The fire truck hoses get used on people,the k-9 dogs go attack the people, people go to jail. King goes to jail and writes a report and gets out of jail. Finally, Birmingham takes down the â€Å"blacks only† and â€Å"whites only† signs from the bathroom and drinking fountains. Blacks now can use any bathroom and drinking fountain they want. The SCLC launched Project C† (for Birmingham)Read MoreCivil Liberties And Civil Rights1365 Words   |  6 PagesCivil Liberties Evaluation America, a country founded on civil liberties and civil rights which are very strongly protected by law. The United States constitution specifically address the rights and freedoms that all Americans are guaranteed. Now over 200 hundred years later, the United States has rapidly grown, global travel has become more efficient, and threats that were not even imagine now exist. The question that many Americans ask today is has this changed our perception on our civil liberties

Marjane Satrapis Persepolis - 3668 Words

In the 1970s a great power struggle began in Iran, leading to a profusion of civil unrest and mass emigration. In 1941 Iranian monarch Reza Shah, was removed from power by the United States and replaced by his son, Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, who Westernized the highly conservative and religious nation. He continued implementing the Westernized laws set by his father, which were known to discouraged democratic political expression in the public sphere and condemned Islamic fundamentalism (Khosrokhavar 3). The largely conservative citizens of Iran protested the alterations in multiple movements in response to the westernization, financial failures, and perceived belief that the Shah was being controlled by Western powers for†¦show more content†¦Babak Elahi mentions that â€Å"the link between ethno-national identity and language can be experienced symbolically, [†¦] as a reflection of identity[†¦] of ethnocultural uniqueness and existence† (Elahi). Marjane Satrapi depicts her life as an Iranian child growing up during the revolution, moving from Iran to Austria and how her ideologies change in response to the Islamic Revolution and the war. Along with many other Iranian womens memoirs regarding similar experiences in Iran, Satrapi reflects on the burden of using memory to represent experiences a large group of people lived through. She depicts the experience, common to all emigrants, young and old, of being seen as a foreigner in her new home country and in her home country once returning. For example, when Marjane alters her whole appearance in Austria and begins to deny her Iranian heritage, she overhears a few of her peers talking about her at the local cafe: ...she never talks about either her country or her parents she lies when she says that shes known war. Its all to make herself seem interesting to which she replied I am Iranian and proud of it! (Satrapi 196-197). Her attempt to assimilate into the punk culture in Austria is received by rumors being spread by peers, leaving her as an outsider. Similarly, when she is conversing with her old friends in Iran aboutShow MoreRelatedMarjane Satrapis Persepolis 2059 Words   |  9 PagesMarjane Satrapi’s graphic novel Persepolis is an expressive memoir of her growing up in Iran during the Islamic Revolution, the fall of the Shah’s regime and the Iran-Iraq War. The dictionary definition of a memoir is, the description of one’s personal life and experiences, and most writers use the conventional text format to write theirs but Satrapi has contributed to a whole new way of writing memoirs that may last for many generations to come. Unlike conventional memoirs, she uses the black-and-whiteRead MoreMarjane Satrapis Persepolis1238 W ords   |  5 PagesPersepolis Review â€Å"One can forgive but one should never forget† is one of the quotes that Marjane Satrapi says in her memoir titled Persepolis. The memoir tells the story of Marjane when she was ten years old during the Islamic Revolution in the Middle East, specifically in her home country Iran. Most people evacuated the country because they knew there was not going to be a safe, prosperous future for their children. Due to Marji’s development from youth to maturity, she undergoes teenage rebellionRead MoreMarjane Satrapis Persepolis Essay1403 Words   |  6 PagesWestern culture has often misperceived the east and the way that their society functions. In Marjane Satrapi’s Persepolis, Satrapi uses graphic novels as a way to demonstrate to the western culture how the east has been misrepresented. The use of media helps to depict to the west how their views of the east may have been unfairly formed in the past. The media has only revealed limited knowledge that only shows par tial perspectives because it is difficult to get perspectives of the minorities althoughRead MoreCultural Acceptance in Marjane Satrapis Persepolis1616 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Whitfield Logan English 102 Ighade 4-7-14 Cultural Acceptance in Persepolis Marjane Satrapi‘s graphic novel Persepolis  is an  autobiography that  depicts her childhood up to her early adult years in  Iran  during and after the  Islamic revolution.  Throughout the novel Satrapi incorporates character development, religion, and the conflict of freedom vs. confinement in order to develop a greater appreciation between two opposing eastern and western cultures. When analyzing the current relationshipRead More The Veil in Marjane Satrapi’s Persepolis Essay1296 Words   |  6 PagesMarjane Satrapi’s Persepolis introduces the Islamic veil as an attempt by the Iranian government to control women. Islamic radicals promised safety and security for those who abided by their rules. Rebels who refused to wear the headscarf were threatened with beating, rape or death. These modern women who fought against religious oppression met the minimal requirements of the government rules to safely live in the hostile environment. Through being forced to wear the veil, the control of the IslamicRead MoreMarjane Satrapi’s Challenging of Stereotypes in Persepolis1059 Words   |  4 PagesMarjane Satrapi’s Challenging of Stereotypes in Persepolis In Marjane Satrapi’s graphic novel Persepolis, Satrapi states that her goal in writing the book was to dispel many of the hasty generalizations made by the Western world about Iran, a principal sentiment being that the country is little more than a nation founded by fundamentalists and home to terrorists and extremists. To combat the misconception, Satrapi enlists the assistance of examples from her adolescence of barriers and dissent towardsRead MoreMarjane Satrapi’s Challenging of Stereotypes in Persepolis Essay example1112 Words   |  5 PagesIn Marjane Satrapi’s graphic novel Persepolis, Satrapi states that her goal in writing the book was to dispel many of the hasty generalizations made by the western world about Iran, a principal sentiment being that the country is little more than a nation founded by fundamentalists and home to terrorists and extremists. To combat the misconception, Satrapi enlists the assistance examples of barriers and dissent towards the new conservative regime in Iran from her adolescence. By employing eventsRead MoreMarjane Satrapis Persepolis: A Personal Version and Vision of the Iranian Revolution1341 Words   |  5 PagesPersepolis: Marjane Satrapis personal version and vision of the Iranian Revolution Marjane Satrapis Persepolis is a graphic novel that suggests that there is a sharp discrepancy between the world of the Iranian Revolution, as depicted in the Western media, versus how many Iranians experienced it in the context of their own lives. Satrapi was the product of a liberal home environment. Behind closed doors, the life the young Marjane led was often very different from the images of burka-wearingRead MoreEssay on The Role of Women in Marjane Satrapis Persepolis 1111 Words   |  5 Pages Throughout Persepolis, Marjane Satrapi displays the vital role that the women around her have in developing her character and becoming the woman she is today. Women such as her mother, her grandmother, her school teachers, the maid, the neighbors, and even the guardians of the revolution influenced Marjane and caused her to develop into an independent, educated, and ambitious woman. Throughout the novel, Marjane never completely conforms or lets go of her roots, this is prima rily due toRead MoreOppression on Women in Margaret Atwoods the Handmaids Tale and Marjane Satrapi’s Persepolis966 Words   |  4 PagesOppression on Women in Margaret Atwoods The Handmaids Tale and Marjane Satrapi’s Persepolis Persepolis, by Marjane Satrapi, is memoir of a little girl growing in Iran. She refers to a secular pre revolutionary time through contrast, the oppressive characteristics of the fundamentalist government upon women in particular. Her work is a lot similar to Margaret Atwoods, A Handmaid’s Tale, in which the protagonist Offred reflects upon her former life’s freedom, cherishing her former name and in doing

Workplace Diversity in Australian Organisations

Question: Discuss about theWorkplace Diversity in Australian Organisations. Answer: Introduction The intention of this essay is to highlight the workplace diversity within the Australian organisations. Globalization, immigration, technological development and establishment of multinational corporations have given rise to extended workplace diversity. Primarily in the organisations of Australia, there has been observed upsurge workplace diversity and its associated benefits and issues.[1] The first paragraph of the essay will highlight the workplace diversity through the gender inequality prevailing in leadership in the Australian organisations and will have its emphasis upon the issues raised because of cultural diversity at the organisational workplaces. The second paragraph will throw lights upon the reasons the arsons because of which there takes place gender diversity inequality within Australian organizations and the implication of this workplace diversity on the organisational behaviour of the employees. The third paragraph will provide information regarding the diversity inequality, positive and negative impact of lack of workplace diversity and the ways in which challenges of diversity can be managed. Examining Diversity within the Australian Workplace There are several kinds of workplace diversity present in the organisations which creates barricades for the continuous success and growth of an organisation. In the Australian organisations, there has been identified upsurge gender inequality in leadership. Gender inequality can be explained as preference of male employees to be positioned at the managerial and leadership positions in an organisation instead of female employees, irrespective of the knowledge, skills and competence possessed by the female workers.[2] As per the evaluation of the managerial and executive positions at various Australian organisations, it has been identified that, at maximum of the percentage there are male executive at higher authorities in comparison with the number of female directors in the organisations.[3] This shows that there is extended level of gender based diversity and inequality in Australian organisations. There has also been found presence of cultural diversity in the organisations.[4] Th e individuals of diverse cultural groups are deprived of growth opportunities at the workplaces. There is selection of the people of native culture for the managerial and leadership positions in the organisations. This creates a direct impact upon the other employee of diverse cultural groups. There are several negative implications imposed on the individuals because of cultural diversity such as de-motivated employees, decreased productivity and efficiency of the workers, declined organisational productivity, increase in the workplace conflicts, etc. For overcoming the issues of workplace diversity and cultural diversity, there is need of specific and potential tools such as there must be implementation and development of unbroken trainings and programs which helps in managing the workplace diversity. There must also be adequate policies and procedures based on equity so that each and every employee gets an equal opportunity to grow and have managerial authorities. The issue of gender diversity inequality is continuously rising in the Australian organisation. There are several reasons behind this upsurge rate of gender inequality. The primary reason is the culture of the society. There still prevails a man dominating societal culture at various regions of the country. This gives rise to increase number of the male employees at organisation in comparison with squat number of female workers. Another key reason behind the presence of gender diversity inequality is the workplace environment and workplace safety. There are high numbers of cases which are filed in the Australian courts regarding the issues of workplace safety. Female workers are the victims of several incidents at the workplace such as mental and physical harassment, diversity in pays, poor security, lack of maternity leaves, etc.[5] All these issues carets gender inequality in the organisations. As a result of this there is lack of gender diversity at the workplaces which results in male dominating culture prevailing in the organizations, less authoritative positions offered to female employees, lack of support to the female workers etc.[6] To overcome the issues and challenges of gender diversity inequality, the organisations can take use of strategies such as a fixed percentage of female workers to be recruited in the organisation, higher workplace security, incorporation of specific units which take care of the workplace issue faced by women employees, use of benchmarking, rating scale and other performance evaluation tools for having appropriate evaluations of the performance of the employees and offer adequate growth opportunities to female workers. All this will help in eradicating the issues of workplace gender diversity inequality issues.[7] There are various other workplace diversity issues such as related to diverse ethnic groups, diverse behaviour styles, diversity related to age of the individuals and employees suffering from disability.[8] All these firms of workplace diversity are beneficial as well as hazardous for the Australian organisations. The challenges developed because of these diverse groups comprises of difference of opinions among the employees of diverse age groups and it leads to organisational conflicts. There are several issues arise in change management programmes as because of diverse ethnicity and cultures, it is not easy to get adjust with the changes made in the organisational culture and functions.[9] There are several benefits also of increased workplace diversity such as higher adaptability towards change, increased organisational productivity, and development of innovative ideas, higher organisational creativity and brand image. There is also attained competitive benefits and greater captur ing of market opportunities.[10] Conclusion From this essay it can be analyzed and concluded that there is higher workplace diversity in Australian organisations. But there are three major challenges confronting organization when it comes to diversity. The first challenge is the gender inequality. This can be overcome through recruitment of increased number of female workers as well as by offering them managerial positions so that they can be motivated to work. The second challenge is cultural diversity. To overcome this, there must be informal association among the employees as well there must be formed teams and employees must develop their interaction with individuals of diverse cultural groups. The third challenge is that the leadership positions are more of packed by the native people. This can be overcome by incorporating appropriate policies for evaluating the performances of the employees and offering equal opportunities of development and growth to every organisational individual. Bibliography Ali, M., Ng, Y. L., Kulik, C. T. (2014).board age and gender diversity: A test of competing linear and curvilinear predictions.Journal of Business Ethics,125(3), 497-512. Berman, E. M., Bowman, J. S., West, J. P., Van Wart, M. R. (2012).Human resource management in public service: Paradoxes, processes, and problems. Sage. Bertrand, M., Hallock, K. F. (2001).The Gender Gap in top corporate jobs.Industrial Labor Relations Review,55(1), 3-21. Campbell, K. Minguez-Vera, A. (2008). gender diversity in the boardroom, and firm financial performance. Journal of Business Ethics, 83(3), 435 451. EvElinE, J., BaCChi, C. (2010). obeying organisational rules of relevance: Gender analysis of policy.Welcome to the electronic edition of Mainstreaming Poli-tics. The book opens with the bookmark panel and you will see the contents page. Click on this anytime to return to the contents. You can also add your own bookmarks., 283. Green, K., Lpez, M., Wysocki, A., Kepner, K., Farnsworth, D., and Clark, J.L. n.d. Diversity in the Workplace: Benefits, Challenges, and the Required Managerial Tools, University of FLORIDA, Pp.3. Hutchinson, J., Eveline, J. (2010). Workplace bullying policy in the Australian public sector: why has gender been ignored?.Australian Journal of Public Administration,69(1), 47-60. Kormanik, M. B., Chyle Rajan, H. (2010). Implications for diversity in the HRD curriculum drawn from current organizational practices on addressing workforce diversity in management training.Advances in developing Human resources,12(3), 367-384. Mahadeo, J., Soobaroyen, T., Hanuman, V. (2012). Board composition and financial performance: Uncovering the effects of diversity in an emerging economy. Journal of Business Ethics, 105, 375388. Pitts, D. W., Recascino Wise, L. (2010). Workforce diversity in the new millennium: Prospects for research.Review of public personnel administration,30(1), 44-69.

Language And Literacy For Early Childhood †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Language And Literacy For Early Childhood. Answer: Introduction Language is the basic and primary form of communication method in human civilisation (Whitebread Coltman, 2015). Language has developed since the early prehistoric ages, as man understood the need of an advanced communication method to remain in the competition for survival (Barrett, 2016). Language is imbibed in the human being since his or her birth. The first acquisition of language occurs in the very early age when the parents start speaking to the child in the native language or primary language. The native or the primary language is also known as the L1. The child as he progresses towards his age where he starts speaking well in the L1 or the mother tongue as it is called, there is endeavour from the parents to send him or her to school and learn more number of languages (Wang, 2014). The second language that a person learns after acquiring the first language, is also known as the L2 or the secondary language (Saville-Troike Barto, 2016). There are different views and theories about the language acquisition and learning. The behaviourist view states that it is a mechanical process to learn and imbibe languages, which can be proved by the Skinner box experiment where a rat is trained to mechanically press a bar in stimulus to a light, the pressing makes way for food to drop in (Skinner, 1990). The children similarly learn the process of crying and hence getting food, or uttering a particular word and getting desired results. The Nativist theory on the other hand suggests that a child from the very beginning of is development of cognition a child has the inbuilt ability to understand the laws of the language and start acquiring it (Saxton, 2017). The Cognitivist view states that the child goes through several stages to learn a language but there is a difference of acquiring capability among different individuals. In this essay there will be a detailed literature review about the importance of development of language in literature in early childhood, and an interview with an experienced teacher about the same topic, which will throw light on different aspects including reading activities in classroom, methods used to train students and the strategies. Discussion The literature review of different related journals, articles and researches leads to clear comprehension and understanding of the subject. In the article Language development in the early school years: The importance of close relationships with teachers the authors have pointed out that an emotional bond between the teacher and the students is necessary for an effective development of language skills among the students (Spilt, Koomen, Harrison, 2015). The students who receive an emotional support tend to reciprocate by learning quicker and in a better way. It is a fact that students who feel like home in their schools are much more interested in going to the schools and participating in learning activities. The students who feel secluded would naturally develop low interests in learning. In the article Adolescence as a sensitive period of brain development the authors point out how learning is most effective in the early adolescence as this is the most crucial stage in the growth of brain, and the cognitive abilities of the children increase considerably (Fuhrmann, Knoll Blakemore, 2015). The brains activity of acquiring new knowledge and making oneself compatible with the acquired knowledge starts from the very childhood, hence it is advisable for the parents and the teachers to imbibe language training into the children at an early age. Rodrguez (2017) in his article Perception of Pragmalinguistic Knowledge in Primary Spanish Teacher Training Students of English as a Foreign Language has stated what is the role of reading activity in acquiring a second language. Literacy not only comprises of the native language of the person, but the other languages that a person learns consecutively. Second language plays a very important role in a persons literacy because the second language is acquired with a purpose of using it in the professional field. It is analysed that how the pronunciation of the first language or the mother tongue has an effect on the acquiring and speaking of the second language. The English teachers in the schools of Spain, both primary and secondary, mostly gives importance on grammatical aspects of the language, but it is seen how spoken aspects are equally important. In the article Reading comprehension strategies in secondary content area classrooms: Teacher use of and attitudes towards reading comprehension instruction the author has pointed out how frequency of reading activities and comprehension instruction in the classrooms boost students cognition, the study has been done in social study and science classes (Ness, 2016). It is seen that teachers often complain about how too much pressure of completing the academic syllabuses makes it difficult for them to take up reading activities within the class rooms. The research revealed how reading activities are helpful in developing comprehensive literary understanding among the students. Literacy is the basic ability to read and understand written materials, and comprehensive reading activities help in boosting the students ability to understand written material. The article Exploring the relationship between adolescents reading skills, reading motivation and reading habits by authors McGeown et al., (2015), has shown how the adolescents reading practices and choice of reading affect their literary position. Literacy is as mentioned above the ability to comprehend written materials or reproduce them. The choice of reading naturally affects the perception of literature in the childs brain which then shapes the literary standing of the child. The motivation a child has about reading is also helpful in the process of developing the speed and eloquence of reading. The authors state that the adolescents reading skills play a crucial role in their educational success. An interview was conducted with a teacher of a preschool. The transcript evidence of the interview is as follows. QuestionWhat is the perception and opinion of the teachers about the importance of reading among the children in developing their literary skills? Answer of the TeacherIt is very important for the students of very younger age group to imbibe interest for reading activities as it develops the overall literary cognition among the students. Reading makes concepts clear and improves understanding while developing eloquence. QuestionWhat are types of reading activities that are taken up in the classrooms? Answer of the TeacherThe lessons which are taught to the student are verbally told them in the beginning to give them a clear understanding about the topic. The students are then required to read parts of the lessons loudly while others listen. Then a general discussion on the topic is conducted and the understanding of the students are reflected in that group discussion. Apart from that there are classes dedicated to spoken and oral aspects of language. In these classes there are brainstorming activities and extempore speeches where students are required to think and speak about random topics. Images which are of abstract nature are shown to them about which they are required to speak creatively using their emotions. Sometimes a paragraph is given to them for reading randomly then they are required to explain the same in their own language. QuestionWhat is the method of assessment used to evaluate the students in the classrooms? Answer of the TeacherThere are two separate systems of assessment followed in the classrooms. One assessment method is dedicated to the academic activity of the students and their performance in the term examinations. The other assessment takes into consideration the overall growth of the student and includes his or her development in cognition, literary understanding, and reading skills. This is done by keeping each and every student under close monitoring throughout the academic year and understanding their requirements closely. The second assessment is case sensitive and is customised according to the need of the individual student. QuestionWhat is the effect of the reading activities in language development and literacy among young students? Answer of the teacherHuman beings from the birth develops affinity towards orally transmitting their message. Oral development of communication happens first after which further development in written communication is achieved. Written communication gives rise to the ability to read and comprehend textual information which is basic criterion for learning anything and everything on earth. Therefore, it is natural that more reading activities in the class room will be helpful in developing language and literacy among the students. Students and children learn language by the influence of the people around them, including their parents, teachers, and friends. The methods followed in the class inclusive interactive processes like discussion, opinion sharing and question answers which proves to be very effective in understanding and learning of languages. Based on the above interview with the teacher the following report is developed which comprises of the list of various reading activities in the classroom and their analysis and evaluation based on their impact on the development of literacy among children. The list of the types of reading activities in the classroom The reading activities in the classroom as told by the teacher during the interview comprises of five activities which are reading of paragraphs loudly to the class, group discussion after reading parts of the paragraphs, reading a random paragraph and explaining its meaning, extempore speeches after reading a topic, and looking at images and then using creative power to explain them. Two of the mentioned reading activities incorporated into learning activity Two activities from the above list of five activities are taken which are reading of paragraphs from the textbooks loudly to the class, and reading a random paragraph which is of complex nature and explaining them in their own words. The first activity of reading out loudly from textbooks towards the class is a basic reading activity that is followed for a long time in schools throughout the world (Lange Merveldt, 2017). The students develop the mental preparation that they have to read properly so that their image in the class remains superior. In order to achieve this, they give maximum attention in reading the texts properly in minute details and even the punctuations are read by them properly. When the students understand that they have to participate in this activity often, they practice reading at their home to sharpen their skills. This is very effective in developing reading enthusiasm among the students. More reading automatically develops the cognitive ability to comprehend complex sentences. The students become better at understanding written material even if these are complex. This is the main reason behind adopting this process of imparting reading practice among the students. The main purpose is to increase interest among the student in reading and hence help in development of literacy among them. Regular reading practice increases proficiency and helps in developing the intricate understanding of the complexities of the relationship between reading and writing. The next activity is the reading of random paragraphs from known or unknown sources which are of complex nature if judged in comparison to the age group of the children and then letting them explain the paragraphs in their own language. This activity is very helpful in developing the skills of text analysis among the children. The comprehensive process of reading a particular text, then comprehending its various aspects and explaining the complexities in their own words using their creative abilities, helps the student in the overall development of literary capabilities. The first activity of reading out loud in class rooms develop the eloquence of the students on one hand, on the other hand the reading and explaining of paragraphs helps in improving their creative thought process. Both of these activities combine to develop literary abilities of the student on an overall basis. The main purpose behind the second reading activity in classroom is to increase creative capabilities of t he students. Explanation of assessment method The teacher in the interview explained two of the assessment methods that are used to evaluate the students. The first one is the regular method of assessing and evaluating the students according to their performance in the exams. There are term exams that is conducted every month to evaluate the understanding of the students of their subjects. Apart from that there is a separate assessment method of assessing the overall literary growth of the students. Special importance is given on language acquisition and expertise of oral and written skills of languages used. Language is the basic tool for understanding all the other subjects. The students will be having their skills of reading, writing and understanding assessed by overall monitoring of their performances in the class throughout the month. This performance will be then categorised in the assessment evaluation sheets which will be reflecting the students overall status of their literary efficiency. The explanation behind the usa ge of two separate assessment systems is that the academic performance of the student is different from the imbibed literary understanding of the same student. A student who is well versed academically may not be equally proficient in literature or language and vice versa (Wortham Hardin, 2015). Exams can be given just by mugging up textbook information. However, proficiency in literature requires much more than that. It requires understanding ability of the student. Effectiveness of the above teaching and assessment process The effectiveness of the teaching process can be understood by the enhanced performance of the students. It has been empirically seen that after the introduction of the new process of evaluation and added teaching methods like extempore speeches, group discussion, and explanation of random paragraphs the students have developed better abilities to analyse textual information and explain them creatively. The students show more enthusiasm in engaging in reading activities at home because they know they have to come back to the school and read in front of the whole class. They want to read better than their peer group and hence they give complete attention in reading the text properly. Regular reading increases fluency and also comprehension. The double assessment method has given a clear reflection of all the perspectives of the students including their studies, academic performance and their literary status. Language development is the key signifier of literary ability of a person. The assessment system has categories which reflect the reading ability, the speaking ability, the understanding ability, the explanation ability and the overall literary ability of the person. The student themselves understand what are they lacking from the assessment, their teachers and parents understand the needs as well and act in the direction of improving the child towards better reading skills. Possible remediation and improvements The present system of reading activity in the classrooms has helped in improving the language learning abilities of the student to a large extent. However, there can be other possible activities that might improve the students reading and instil more interest of reading in them. The children must be taken to book-fairs and big book stores to make them interested to the idea of purchasing more books and reading them (Clawson, 2015). In the classrooms there can be audio visual sessions where texts with background music may be played on the screen where the students would be reading these loudly along with the music (Awasthi, 2014). These will be fun activities that engage the student and also increase the reading activities among the children. There can be gifts like chocolates or toys for the students who read well and show interest towards voracious reading (Christakis, 2017). Reading is the basic pillar based on which the literary development of the children happens and their langua ge gets better. The evidence of the interview and the interview data has been provided above where the transcription of the interview has been elaborated. The samples of the worksheets and the assessment sheets are as follows. STUDENT ASSESSMENT CARD OF OVERALL PERFORMANCE IN READING AND LANGUAGE Name of the student Batch Class Month Class teacher name Guardian Name Skill name Full marks Marks scored Comments Foundational Skills of Reading Vocabulary Pronunciation Reading Interest Listening Understanding Reproducing skills Explanation OVERALL GRADE RECEIVED STATUS SIGNATURE OF GUARDIAN SIGNATURE OF CLASS TEACHER SIGNATURE OF PRINCIPAL OFFICIAL STAMP Conclusion Human beings are considered to be far more developed than all other species of animals because of their advanced skills of communication. Starting from the prehistoric ages human civilisation has come a long way and today most of the communication mediums are digital and mobile. It all started with the ability to speak different words having different meanings. A child develops the basic knowledge of the primary language, or the mother tongue, from a very early age when the caretakers of the child help him or her in acquiring the language by speaking with the child in that language. Gradually the child is imparted with the knowledge of writing and also the acquiring of second language begins. The activity of reading forms the basis of further literary development. In the above essay a detailed structure of language training is provided with assessment methods that will be helpful for the children in efficiently learning the language. Interactive learning method and participation in g roup activities further develop the interest of reading in the children. References: Awasthi, D. (2014). Utilising Audio Visual Aids to make learning Easy and Effective in Primary Education.Research Scholar, Department of Education, University Lucknow,3(8), 1-2. Barrett, M. (Ed.). (2016).The development of language. Psychology Press. Christakis, E. (2017).The Importance of Being Little: What Young Children Really Need from Grownups. Penguin. Clawson, C. (2015).Effects of Parent Reading Involvement on Student Reading Levels(Doctoral dissertation, Northwest Missouri State University). Fuhrmann, D., Knoll, L. J., Blakemore, S. J. (2015). Adolescence as a sensitive period of brain development.Trends in cognitive sciences,19(10), 558-566. Lange, S., von Merveldt, N. (2017). Children as Readers In Children's Literature: The Power of Texts And The Importance of Reading ed. by Evelyn Arizpe and Vivienne Smith.Bookbird: A Journal of International Children's Literature,55(1), 63-64. McGeown, S. P., Duncan, L. G., Griffiths, Y. M., Stothard, S. E. (2015). Exploring the relationship between adolescents reading skills, reading motivation and reading habits.Reading and Writing,28(4), 545-569. Ness, M. K. (2016). Reading comprehension strategies in secondary content area classrooms: Teacher use of and attitudes towards reading comprehension instruction.Reading Horizons (Online),55(1), 58. Rodrguez, A. G. (2017). Perception of Pragmalinguistic Knowledge in Primary Spanish Teacher Training Students of English as a Foreign Language.Int J Appl Sci Res Rev,4, 1. Saville-Troike, M., Barto, K. (2016).Introducing second language acquisition. Cambridge University Press. Saxton, M. (2017).Child language: Acquisition and development. Sage. Skinner, B. F. (1990).The behavior of organisms: An experimental analysis. BF Skinner Foundation. Spilt, J. L., Koomen, H. M., Harrison, L. J. (2015). Language development in the early school years: The importance of close relationships with teachers.Developmental psychology,51(2), 185. Wang, Z. (2014). Review of the Influence of L1 in L2 Acquisition.Studies in Literature and Language,9(2), 57. Whitebread, D., Coltman, P. (2015).Teaching and learning in the early years. Routledge. Wortham, S. C., Hardin, B. J. (2015).Assessment in early childhood education. Pearson.